What is a primary characteristic of borderline personality disorder?

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is primarily characterized by extreme instability in self-concept and interpersonal relationships. Individuals with BPD often experience significant fluctuations in their identity, including their self-image and how they perceive themselves. This can lead to intense emotional responses and an unpredictable sense of self that can change from one moment to another.

In relationships, people with BPD may oscillate between idealizing and devaluing others, which creates tumultuous relationships. This instability can be attributed to their fear of abandonment and a deeply ingrained pattern of emotional instability, making it difficult for them to maintain consistent attitudes toward themselves and others. Understanding this characteristic is critical for recognizing the challenges faced by those with BPD and the approach needed for effective treatment and support.